Stride, A.H (January 1959). "On the origin of the Dogger Bank, in the North Sea". Geological Magazine. 96 (1): 33–34. Bibcode: 1959GeoM...96...33S. doi: 10.1017/S0016756800059197. S2CID 128904893 . Retrieved 12 January 2010.

Cohen, Kim; Hijma, Marc (2022). "Ice, Rivers, Sea and Spectacle:Geological Variation in a Drowned Landscape". In Amkreutz, Luc; van der Vaart-Verschoof, Sasja (eds.). Doggerland: Lost World Under the North Sea. Leiden, Netherlands: Sidestone Press. pp.32–33. a b "Cry God for Harry, Britain and... St Aidan". The Independent. London. 23 April 2008. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved on 1 February 2009. Nora McGreevy. "Study Rewrites History of Ancient Land Bridge Between Britain and Europe". smithsonianmag.com. Smithsonian Magazine . Retrieved 25 April 2022. British Wildflower Images". Map-Reading.co.uk. Archived from the original on 28 April 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2009. Retrieved on 23 February 2009. Alexander III of Macedon ( Ancient Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, romanized: Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, [a] was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. [a] He succeeded his father Philip II to the throne in 336 BC at the age of 20, and spent most of his ruling years conducting a lengthy military campaign throughout Western Asia and Egypt. By the age of 30, he had created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. [2] He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered to be one of history's greatest and most successful military commanders. [3] [4]accessed 14 November 2009". Eosnap.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020 . Retrieved 24 February 2012. During his youth, Alexander was also acquainted with Persian exiles at the Macedonian court, who received the protection of Philip II for several years as they opposed Artaxerxes III. [23] [24] [25] Among them were Artabazos II and his daughter Barsine, possible future mistress of Alexander, who resided at the Macedonian court from 352 to 342 BC, as well as Amminapes, future satrap of Alexander, or a Persian nobleman named Sisines. [23] [26] [27] [28] This gave the Macedonian court a good knowledge of Persian issues, and may even have influenced some of the innovations in the management of the Macedonian state. [26] Freeman, Philip (2001). Ireland and the classical world. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p.65. ISBN 978-0-292-72518-8. Great Britain was probably first inhabited by those who crossed on the land bridge from the European mainland. Human footprints have been found from over 800,000 years ago in Norfolk [45] and traces of early humans have been found (at Boxgrove Quarry, Sussex) from some 500,000 years ago [46] and modern humans from about 30,000 years ago. Until about 16,000 years ago, it was connected to Ireland by only an ice bridge, prior to 9,000 years ago it retained a land connection to the continent, with an area of mostly low marshland joining it to what are now Denmark and the Netherlands. [47] [48] A skull fragment of a Neanderthal, dated at over 40,000 years old, was recovered from material dredged from the Middeldiep, some 16km (10mi) off the coast of Zeeland, and exhibited in Leiden in 2009. [25] In March 2010, it was reported that recognition of the potential archaeological importance of the area could affect the future development of offshore wind farms. [26] In 2019, a flint flake partially covered in birch bark tar dredged up off the coast of the Netherlands provided valuable insight into Neanderthal technology and cognitive evolution. [27]

Further information: Government of Macedonia (ancient kingdom) Pausanius assassinates Philip II, Alexander's father, during his procession into the theatre The emblema of the Stag Hunt Mosaic, c. 300BC, from Pella; the figure on the r Ptolemy, Claudius (1898). "Ἕκθεσις τῶν κατὰ παράλληλον ἰδιωμάτων: κβ', κε' " (PDF). In Heiberg, J.L. (ed.). Claudii Ptolemaei Opera quae exstant omnia. Vol.1 Syntaxis Mathematica. Leipzig: in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. pp.112–113. By 1934, an estimated 35 million acres of formerly cultivated land had been rendered useless for farming, while another 125 million acres—an area roughly three-quarters the size of Texas—was rapidly losing its topsoil. Ezekiel 47:10 It shall happen, that fishermen shall stand by it: from En Gedi even to En Eglaim shall be a place for the spreading of nets; their fish shall be after their kinds, as the fish of the great sea, exceeding many.

a b BBC News, "Hidden Doggerland underworld uncovered in North Sea", 3 July 2012. Accessed 4 July 2012 Spencer, Colin (2003). British Food: An Extraordinary Thousand Years of History. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13110-0.

Bob Yirka (2 December 2020). "Sediment cores from Dogger Littoral suggest Dogger Island survived ancient tsunami". phys.org . Retrieved 2 January 2021. Walker, James; Gaffney, Vincent; Fitch, Simon; Muru, Merle; Fraser, Andrew; Bates, Martin; Bates, Richard (2020). "A great wave: the Storegga tsunami and the end of Doggerland?". Antiquity. 94 (378): 1409–1425. doi: 10.15184/aqy.2020.49. ISSN 0003-598X. We have speculated for years on the lost land's existence from bones dredged by fishermen all over the North Sea, but it's only since working with oil companies in the last few years that we have been able to re-create what this lost land looked like ... We have now been able to model its flora and fauna, build up a picture of the ancient people that lived there and begin to understand some of the dramatic events that subsequently changed the land, including the sea rising and a devastating tsunami. Disappearance [ edit ] The red line marks Dogger Bank, which is most likely a moraine formed in the Pleistocene. [12] A vote in 2002 nominated various wildflowers to represent specific counties. [76] These include red poppies, bluebells, daisies, daffodils, rosemary, gorse, iris, ivy, mint, orchids, brambles, thistles, buttercups, primrose, thyme, tulips, violets, cowslip, heather and many more. [77] [78] [79] [80]a b B.J. Coles. "Doggerland: a speculative survey (Doggerland: une prospection spéculative)", Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, ISSN 0079-497X, 1998, vol. 64, pp. 45–81 (3 p. 1/4)